1. Create package files with header

package <package name>;

class includedInPackage {

……

…..

}

2. Save files to be inluded in package in a directory with the same name as of <package name>.

3. Compile them and have their .class files in the same directory.

4. Create the program file which is using the package. Write

package <package name>;

class UsingPackage

{

…..

….

}

This .java file can be saved anywhere. Compile it and place its .class file in the directory <package name>.

5. To execute the file which is using the package, write the following command in command prompt.

java <package name>.UsingPackage and press enter.

It’s done.

*replace <package name> with the name of package.

Building packages with .jar files

By making package .jar files it is easy to use and built packages. Create the files to be included in package in the same way as above, and store them in the directory with name same as of package <package name> .

Open command prompt and write the following command

Go to the parent directory of package folder. then

C:\ parent>jar cvf <Package name>.jar <Package name)/*.class and press enter.

This will create a <Package name>.jar file which will include all the class files stored in <Package name> directory.

o to the directory where java is installed. Let is be C:\Java.Then open the following directory:

C:\Java\jre\lib\ext

Paste the newly created <Package name>.jar file here.This will make the package available to all the .java files.To use the package, just write the following in the header of .java file in which it is to be used.

import PackageName.*;

This will make all the public classes declared in the package available to the program.

To import static members of the package, add static to import statement.

import static PackageName.*;

Building packages with .jar file is the standard and the easiest way to create and use packages.

1. Define a BufferedImage object, where the image will be drawn. Pass the dimensions of the captcha image to be drawn as the arguments and the color scheme to BufferedImage constructor.

BufferedImage buffer = new BufferedImage(int width,int height,BufferedImage ColorScheme);

2. Associate an object of Graphics2D class with BufferedImage object (i.e. buffer here).

Graphics2D class is an abstract class and thus cannot have an object of itself. Its object is dependent on components to which it relates (here, it is BufferedImage). It takes care of mapping user co-ordinates to the device co-ordinates, information needed for drawing, image transformation functions etc.

Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D)buffer.getGraphics();

3. Fill the image buffer with an background color or a pattern.

4. Delcare an FontMetrics object related with Graphics2D object g.

FontMetrics fontMet = g.getFontMetrics();

By this object we can find out the ascent, descent, height, width of the characters to be displayed in the cpatcha image.

5. Store the the characters to be printed in the captcha image in a string variable.

6. Calculate the dimension of the characters (i.e ascent, descent, width, height).

7. Declare a BufferedImage object with dimensions of the characters, and associate another Graphics2D object with that BufferedImage object.

8. Perform the tranformations to the characters, so that they are shown in the deformed way. Transformations may be either translation, rotation, shearing or combinaton of some or all of them. The transformation functions are associated with Graphics2D object, and thus are called by it.

9. Draw this deformed string of characters in the BufferedImage which was created first (i.e buffer). Your captcha code is ready.

Select New Project-> Web-> Dynamic web Project.Write the project name required, leave the rest of the settings as default and finish.This will create an Project with the following directory structure, as shown in the Project explorer.
<
To add source code files such as JSP files or Servlets –
Right click on Java Resources:src folder -> New -> Other -> Web -> Servlet. Fill in the class name and superclass for the servlet and other details like which methods to include in the servlet as doGet(), doPost() etc. All servlets are created in this way and their entries are being made automatically in the web.xml file. The class files generated are stored in classes sub-folder of build folder and thus are prevented from directly access from explorer. HTML files are created under WebContent folder and are accessible from the explorer.

To run a project, right click on the project and select Run as -> Run on server.

The other way to deploy an project on the web server is from —

File -> Export -> Web -> WAR file -> Select the project to be deployed and provide the path to store the WAR file and finish. Then, login in Application Server console and Select Deploy New. Then select the WAR file and click Install. The project will be deployed on the web server.

Line counts 131 to 143 are left. Rest are good.